Fatah

Fatah, also known as the Palestinian National Liberation Movement, was founded in 1957 by figures such as Yasser Arafat and Mahmoud Abbas. Initially established as a secular nationalist movement, its primary goal was the liberation of Palestine through armed struggle. Fatah carried out its first military operation in 1965, targeting Israeli infrastructure. By the late 1960s and 1970s, Fatah became dominant within the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), with Arafat assuming leadership in 1969. The movement engaged in guerrilla warfare and terrorist operations, with notable events like the Battle of Karameh in 1968 bolstering its reputation. In the 1970s, Fatah operated bases in Lebanon and carried out attacks in Israel, such as the Savoy Hotel attack and the Coastal Road massacre. Israel's 1982 invasion of Lebanon weakened Fatah’s military capabilities. By the 1990s, Fatah shifted its strategy towards political negotiations, playing a central role in the Oslo Accords and leading the Palestinian Authority. During the Second Intifada, Fatah's armed wing, the Tanzim, actively fought against Israel and carried out terrorist attacks. Today, Fatah officially rejects terrorism and sometimes cooperates with Israel to prevent attacks, Although many of its members continue to participate in anti-Israel activities and join local militant groups, specifically under the name of the Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades.